Fertigation Systems for Vineyards
(book excerpts)Fertigation is the application of dissolved fertilizers through an irrigation system to the vineyard. Most commonly, this is done through a microirrigation system, but it can also be done with micro-sprinklers. Using a fertigation system, a wine grape grower can apply fertilizer at any time and place it where the grapevine roots are most numerous and active. In addition to offering greater flexibility in application timing and placement, fertigation enhances the rate of nutrient uptake and the predictability of vine response to fertilization compared to band and broadcast applications. Effective fertigation requires knowledge of specific grapevine characteristics, such as the optimum daily nutrient consumption rate and root distribution in the soil. Nutrient characteristics such as solubility and mobility are important, and irrigation water quality factors such as pH, mineral content, salinity, and nutrient solubility must be considered. The macronutrients nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium are the most commonly applied nutrients by fertigation. Still, micronutrients such as boron, zinc, iron, calcium, manganese, and copper can also be applied through the irrigation system. In addition to fertilizers, other chemicals can be injected into microirrigation systems, including chlorine, acid, fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides.
Click on the following topics for more information on fertigation systems for vineyards.
Topics Within This Chapter:
- Fertilizer Dosing Methods
- Dilute Tank, Batch Method
- In-Line Injection, Continuous Method
- Pressure Differential Tank Fertigation Injection
- Batch versus Differential Pressure Tanks
- Advantages/Disadvantages of Pressure Differential Tanks
- Venturi Fertigation Injectors
- Advantages/Disadvantages of Venturi Injectors
- Venturi Injector Configurations
- Positive Displacement Pump Fertigation Injectors
- Diaphragm Pumps
- Piston Pumps
- Advantages/Disadvantages of Positive Displacement Pumps
- Proportional Fertigation Injectors
- Advantages/Disadvantages of Proportional Fertigation Injectors
- Components of Proportional Systems
- Types of Proportional Injectors
- Dosatron Injectors
- DosMatic Injectors
- Smith Measuremix® Injectors
- Anderson Ratio:Feeder Injectors
- Gewa Injectors
- Electric Metering (EC/pH) Fertigation Injectors
- Key Components and Functionality
- Advantages/Disadvantages of Electric Metering Fertigation Injectors
- Calibrating Fertigation Injectors
- Input/Output Method
- Electrical Conductivity Method
- Design Considerations for Fertigation Systems
- Injection Point
- Nutrient Stock Tanks
- Fertilizer Mixing Procedures
- pH/EC Meters
- Automated Control Systems
- Backflow Prevention Devices
- Scheduling Fertigation
- Injection Duration
- Fertilizer Application Considerations
- Fertilizer Formulations
- Liquid Fertilizers
- Granular Fertilizers
- Fertilizer Compatibility
- Fertilizer Solubility
- Effect of Temperature on the Solubility of Fertilizers
- Jar Test
- Water Quality
- Fertilizers for Fertigation
- Nitrogen Sources
- Phosphorus Sources
- Potassium Sources
- Other Macronutrients
- Micronutrients
- Monitoring Irrigation Water

